C PROGRAMMING MCQs-4

A C program must have at least one function, which is the main() function, but it can contain many other user-defined functions to perform various tasks.

A compiler primarily identifies syntax errors. While logical errors are usually found during runtime, the compiler can often identify certain semantic issues that lead to logical failures.

Machine language consists of binary code (0s and 1s), making it extremely difficult for humans to read. It is specific to the hardware architecture (machine dependent) and was the first level of programming.

A compiler translates the entire source code written in a high-level language into machine code or an executable file that the computer's processor can understand.

In C, '&&' is the logical AND operator, used to combine two conditions where both must be true for the whole expression to be true.

The standard ASCII value for the uppercase letter 'A' is 65. Note: 48 is for '0', 97 is for 'a', and 32 is for a space character.

Syntax errors are violations of the language's grammatical rules (like missing semicolons), which are detected by the compiler during the translation process.

Preprocessor directives, such as #include or #define, must always start with the hash symbol (#) at the very beginning of the line to be recognized.

The stdio.h (Standard Input Output) header file contains the declarations for basic input/output functions like printf for output and scanf for input.

The string.h header file contains functions used for manipulating strings, such as strlen() which is used to calculate the length of a string.

The American National Standards Institute (ANSI) established the first formal standard for the C language in 1989, commonly referred to as ANSI C.

The math.h header file provides various mathematical functions to perform operations like square root, power, and trigonometric calculations.

The exp() function, which returns the base-e exponential value of a number, is part of the standard C math library (math.h).

The log() function calculates the natural logarithm (base e) of a given number and is defined within the math.h header file.

The sqrt() function is used to compute the square root of a non-negative number and requires the math.h header file.

The asin() function, which calculates the arc sine (inverse sine) of a value, is defined in the math.h library.

Variables declared outside of any function are called global variables; they are accessible from any part of the program during its execution.

Variables declared inside a function or a block are called local variables and can only be accessed within that specific function or block.

The stdlib.h (Standard Library) header file contains functions for dynamic memory allocation, such as malloc(), calloc(), and free().