Q.41 What characteristic of read-only memory (ROM) makes it useful?
A)
ROM information can be easily updated
B)
Data in ROM is non-volatile, remaining even without power
C)
ROM provides very large amounts of inexpensive data storage
D)
None
Discuss it
Explanation
ROM is non-volatile memory, meaning it retains its stored information even after the power is turned off, making it ideal for storing start-up instructions.
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Q.42 What do you call the programs that are used to find out possible faults and their causes?
A)
Operating system extensions
B)
Cookies
C)
Diagnostic software
D)
Boot diskettes
Discuss it
Explanation
Diagnostic software is designed to test computer hardware and software to ensure they are functioning correctly and to identify specific errors.
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Q.43 Which programming languages are classified as low-level languages?
A)
BASIC, COBOL, Fortran
B)
Prolog
C)
C, C++
D)
Assembly languages
Discuss it
Explanation
Low-level languages, such as Assembly and Machine language, provide little or no abstraction from a computer's instruction set architecture.
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Q.44 Which of the following is NOT an anti-virus software?
A)
NAV
B)
F-Prot
C)
Oracle
D)
McAfee
Discuss it
Explanation
Oracle is a powerful Database Management System (DBMS), not an anti-virus utility like NAV, F-Prot, or McAfee.
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Q.45 Which device is required for an internet connection?
A)
Joystick
B)
Modem
C)
CD Drive
D)
NIC Card
Discuss it
Explanation
A modem (Modulator-Demodulator) is necessary to convert digital data from a computer into a format suitable for transmission over phone or cable lines.
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Q.46 What does DMA stand for?
A)
Distinct Memory Access
B)
Direct Memory Access
C)
Direct Module Access
D)
None
Discuss it
Explanation
Direct Memory Access (DMA) allows certain hardware subsystems to access main system memory independently of the central processing unit (CPU).
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Q.47 Which of the following is considered a storage device?
A)
Tape
B)
Hard disk
C)
Floppy disk
D)
All of the above
Discuss it
Explanation
Magnetic tapes, hard disks, and floppy disks are all media used to store data permanently in a computer system.
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Q.48 ________ is data that has been organized and presented in a meaningful fashion?
A)
Information
B)
Output
C)
Data
D)
Storage
Discuss it
Explanation
Information is the processed and meaningful version of raw data that allows for decision-making and analysis.
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Q.49 A normal CD-ROM usually can store up to how much data?
A)
680 KB
B)
164 MB
C)
680 MB
D)
None
Discuss it
Explanation
A standard CD-ROM has a storage capacity ranging from 650 MB to 700 MB, with 680 MB being a very common standard.
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Q.50 The earliest known calculating device is the?
A)
Calculator
B)
Abacus
C)
Difference engine
D)
None
Discuss it
Explanation
The Abacus is considered the first mechanical device used for calculation, dating back thousands of years.
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Q.51 What is a light pen?
A)
Mechanical input device
B)
Optical input device
C)
Electronic input device
D)
NIC Card
Discuss it
Explanation
A light pen is an optical input device used to select items or draw on a computer screen by detecting light.
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Q.52 What does BCD stand for?
A)
Binary Coded Decimal
B)
Bit Coded Decimal
C)
Binary Coded Digit
D)
Bot Coded Digit
Discuss it
Explanation
Binary Coded Decimal (BCD) is a class of binary encodings of decimal numbers where each digit is represented by a fixed number of bits.
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Q.53 What does ASCII stand for?
A)
American Stable Coded for International Interchange
B)
American State Coded for International Interchange
C)
American Standard Code for Information Interchange
D)
American Standard Case for International Interchange
Discuss it
Explanation
ASCII is a character encoding standard for electronic communication, representing text in computers and other devices.
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Q.54 Which of the following is a first-generation computer?
A)
EDSAC
B)
IBM-1405
C)
CDC-1604
D)
ICL-2900
Discuss it
Explanation
EDSAC (Electronic Delay Storage Automatic Calculator) was an early British computer and belongs to the first generation (vacuum tube era).
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Q.55 The chief component of the first-generation computer was?
A)
Transistors
B)
Vacuum tubes and valves
C)
Integrated circuits
D)
None
Discuss it
Explanation
First-generation computers (1940-1956) relied on vacuum tubes for circuitry and magnetic drums for memory.
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Q.56 What does the programming language FORTRAN stand for?
A)
File Translation
B)
Floppy Translation
C)
Formula Translation
D)
None
Discuss it
Explanation
FORTRAN (Formula Translation) was the first high-level programming language, designed specifically for scientific and engineering applications.
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Q.57 What does EEPROM stand for?
A)
Electrically Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory
B)
Easily Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory
C)
Electronic Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory
D)
None
Discuss it
Explanation
EEPROM (Electrically Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory) is a type of non-volatile memory used in computers to store small amounts of data.
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Q.58 Second-generation computers were developed primarily during which period?
A)
1949 to 1955
B)
1956 to 1965
C)
1965 to 1970
D)
None
Discuss it
Explanation
The second generation of computers is generally cited as the period between 1956 and 1965, characterized by the use of transistors.
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Q.59 The physical size of computers was exceptionally large in which generation?
A)
First Generation
B)
Second Generation
C)
Third Generation
D)
None
Discuss it
Explanation
First-generation computers used thousands of vacuum tubes, which generated immense heat and required entire rooms for installation.
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Q.60 Microprocessors as switching devices were introduced in which generation of computers?
A)
First Generation
B)
Second Generation
C)
Third Generation
D)
Fourth Generation
Discuss it
Explanation
The fourth generation of computers began with the invention of the microprocessor, which integrated thousands of circuits onto a single silicon chip.
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