Hello students Welcome To CSE Study247 , Today I am provide you DRDO CEPTAM-10 Computer Science Paper Solution : 12 Jan 2023 , That is very useful for next upcoming Exam of DRDO CEPTAM-11
About DRDO
Defence Research and Development Organisation is the premier agency under the Department of Defence Research and Development in Ministry of Defence of the Government of India, charged with the military’s research and development, headquartered in Delhi, India.
Today, DRDO is a network of more than 50 laboratories which are deeply engaged in developing defence technologies covering various disciplines, like aeronautics, armaments, electronics, combat vehicles, engineering systems, instrumentation, missiles, advanced computing and simulation, special materials, naval systems, life sciences, training, information systems and agriculture. Several major projects for the development of missiles, armaments, light combat aircrafts, radars, electronic warfare systems etc are on hand and significant achievements have already been made in several such technologies.
| Headquarters | DRDO Bhavan, New Delhi |
| Founded | 1958 |
| Employees | 30,000 (5,000 scientists) |
| Annual budget | 11,375.50 crore (US$1.4 billion)(2021–22) |
Q.1 What is the full form of W3C?
World wide web consortium
Word wide web consortium
World wide web center
World wide web command
Explanation
The World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) is the main international standards organization for the World Wide Web.
Q.2 What is the full form of SMTP?
Simple Mail Transfer Protocol
Simple Mail Transfer Program
Simple Message Transfer Program
Service Mail Transfer Protocol
Explanation
SMTP stands for Simple Mail Transfer Protocol, which is used for sending emails across the internet.
Q.3 Which testing is involved in the SRS (Software Requirements Specification) Document?
White Box Testing
Black Box Testing
Gray Box Testing
Integration Testing
Explanation
Black box testing is used during the requirements phase because it focuses on functional requirements without looking at the internal code structure.
Q.4 In CRUD, what does 'U' stand for?
URL
Underflow
Underline
Update
Explanation
CRUD stands for Create, Read, Update, and Delete, which are the four basic functions of persistent storage.
Q.5 In which language is the Unix Operating System primarily written?
C++
C
Assembly
Fortran
Explanation
Unix was one of the first operating systems to be written in a high-level language, specifically the C programming language.
Q.6 Which of the following algorithms is NOT used for congestion control?
Traffic aware routing
Routing Information Protocol
Load shedding
Admission Control
Explanation
Routing Information Protocol (RIP) is a distance-vector routing protocol used for path determination, not specifically for congestion control.
Q.7 What is the full form of CHAP?
Change Handshake Authentication Protocol
Challenge Handshake Authentication Protocol
Challenge Handshake Authorize Protocol
Challenge Handshake Authentication Protocol
Explanation
CHAP stands for Challenge Handshake Authentication Protocol, used by network servers to periodically verify the identity of clients.
Q.8 The Spiral Model of software development was created by?
Charles Babbage
Allen Turing
IBM
Barry Boehm
Explanation
The Spiral Model was defined by Barry Boehm in his 1986 paper to address risk-driven software development.
Q.9 A minimal super key is called a?
Primary Key
Candidate Key
Foreign Key
Alternate Key
Explanation
A candidate key is a minimal set of attributes that can uniquely identify any tuple in a relation.
Q.10 In an ER Model, what does a double line represent?
Entity Set
Full Dependent
Relationship
Attribute Set
Explanation
Double lines in ER diagrams typically represent total participation or full dependency of an entity in a relationship.
Q.11 Compilers and editors software come under which type of software?
Application Software
Utility Software
System Software
Operating System
Explanation
System software includes programs like compilers, debuggers, and editors that manage and support the computer system’s operations.
Q.12 The output of a NOR Gate is high when?
Both inputs are high
Both inputs are low
One input is high and other is low
One input is low and other is high
Explanation
A NOR gate produces a high output (1) only when all of its inputs are low (0).
Q.13 Which of the following is NOT a binary operator in relational algebra?
Join
Project
Union
Intersection
Explanation
The Project operation is a unary operator because it operates on a single relation, whereas Join, Union, and Intersection are binary.
Q.14 Assembly language uses code written as?
Mnemonic
Bit Code
Binary Digit
Byte Code
Explanation
Assembly language uses mnemonics (short abbreviations) to represent machine-level instructions.
Q.15 Which of the following is NOT an element of X.509 Certificates?
Signature
Serial Modifier
Issuer unique identifier
Byte Code
Explanation
X.509 certificates include version, serial number, signature algorithm, issuer name, validity period, and subject name, but not a ‘Serial Modifier’.
Q.16 Cookies were originally designed for which side of communication?
Server side
Client Side
Both A & B
Socket programming
Explanation
Cookies are small pieces of data stored on the client-side (the user’s browser) to remember state information.
Q.17 Which logic family has the lowest power dissipation?
ECL
TTL
CMOS
DTL
Explanation
CMOS (Complementary Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor) technology is known for its extremely low static power consumption.
Q.18 How many AND Gates are required to realize the expression Y = CD + EF + G?
2
3
4
5
Explanation
One AND gate is needed for the ‘CD’ term and another AND gate is needed for the ‘EF’ term, totaling two AND gates.
Q.19 The mapping of files is managed by?
Page Table
Metadata
Virtual Memory
File System
Explanation
Metadata contains the structural information about files, including their location and mapping on the storage device.
Q.20 What is one advantage of setting a DMZ (Demilitarized Zone) with two firewalls?
You can do load balancing
Metadata
You can do stateful packet filtering
Improved network performance
Explanation
A dual-firewall DMZ architecture allows for better traffic distribution and security segmentation, including load balancing capabilities.
Q.21 Which transmission media provides the highest transmission speed in a network?
Coaxial Cable
Twisted pair cable
Optical fiber
Electrical cable
Explanation
Optical fiber uses light pulses to transmit data, providing much higher bandwidth and speeds than copper-based cables.
Q.22 Which of the following features makes AJAX unique?
It works with all databases
It is server side
It uses python
It makes data requests asynchronously
Explanation
AJAX (Asynchronous JavaScript and XML) allows web pages to be updated asynchronously by exchanging data with a server in the background without reloading the whole page.
Q.23 Which of the following statements is NOT true regarding JavaScript?
It is loosely typed
It is object oriented
It is event driven
It cannot run in stand-alone mode
Explanation
JavaScript can run in stand-alone mode outside of a browser using environments like Node.js.
Q.24 Which of the following statements is true regarding HTTP?
Browsers use only HTTP
It does not maintain connection info
It routes based on content
It uses universal resource identifiers
Explanation
HTTP is a stateless protocol, meaning it does not retain information about previous transactions by default.
Q.25 What is the PDU (Protocol Data Unit) for the application layer?
Bit
Frame
Message
Segment
Explanation
In the OSI model, the PDU at the Application layer is generally referred to as a Message or Data.
+0.01*sum(fi)” b=”fb=count total *[0.65+0.01*sum(fi)]” c=”fb=count total*[0.65+0.01]sum(fi)” d=”fb=[count total *0.65+0.01]*sum(fi)” correct=”b” ans=”The standard FP formula is FP = CountTotal * [0.65 + 0.01 * Σ(Fi)], where Fi represents complexity adjustment factors.”]
Q.27 How many basic features are required for a programming language to be purely Object-Oriented (OOP)?
7
8
5
4
Explanation
A language is often considered purely OOP if it strictly adheres to approximately 7 key features, including encapsulation, inheritance, polymorphism, and the rule that everything is an object.
Q.28 What is the most expensive phase in the SDLC (Software Development Life Cycle)?
Implementation
Testing
Maintenance
Design
Explanation
Maintenance typically accounts for 60% to 80% of the total cost of a software system over its entire lifecycle.
Q.29 What is the process of finding and correcting errors in code?
Debugging
Testing
Maintenance
Compiling
Explanation
Debugging is the specific process of identifying, tracing, and fixing bugs or defects found in software.
Q.30 In the V-model, each development phase is associated with a specific?
Design phase
Implementation phase
Development phase
Testing Phase
Explanation
The V-model maps each stage of development (like requirements or design) directly to a corresponding testing phase.
Q.31 What is the memory address space of the 8085 microprocessor?
8 KB
64 KB
126 KB
16 KB
Explanation
The 8085 has a 16-bit address bus, which allows it to access 2^16 = 65,536 bytes or 64 KB of memory.
Q.32 What is the most expensive phase in the SDLC?
Design
Implementation
Testing
Maintenance
Explanation
Maintenance is the longest phase of the software lifecycle and involves the highest cumulative costs.
Q.33 Which clause creates a temporary relation for the query on which it is defined?
With
Select
Where
From
Explanation
The ‘WITH’ clause (Common Table Expression) provides a way to define a temporary result set that can be referenced within a SELECT, INSERT, UPDATE, or DELETE statement.
Q.34 In a paging system with a 4KB page size, what is the internal fragmentation for a 38KB process?
2 KB
4 KB
8 KB
6 KB
Explanation
38KB / 4KB = 9.5, so 10 pages are needed. Total allocated = 10 * 4KB = 40KB. Fragmentation = 40KB – 38KB = 2KB.
Q.35 T1 is the time to switch from user to kernel mode; T2 is the time to switch between user processes. Which is true?
T1 T2
T1 T2
T1 = T2
None
Explanation
Switching between processes (context switch) involves more overhead (saving state, MMU updates) than a simple mode switch from user to kernel.
Q.36 A connected planar graph with 5 vertices and 7 edges contains how many regions?
4
3
7
11
Explanation
Using Euler’s Formula (V – E + R = 2): 5 – 7 + R = 2. Therefore, R = 4.
Q.37 What is the bandwidth characteristic of FDMA?
Wide
Long
Short
Narrow
Explanation
FDMA (Frequency Division Multiple Access) divides the bandwidth into smaller, fixed-size narrow bands for individual users.
Q.38 What is the maximum data transfer rate for Shielded Twisted Pair (STP) cables?
10 Mbps
20 Mbps
50 Mbps
100 Mbps
Explanation
Standard STP cables used in Ethernet environments (like Cat5) typically support speeds up to 100 Mbps.
Q.39 Which technology is used to avoid browser-based hacking?
Anti-malware
Remote browser access
Adware removers
Incognito mode
Explanation
Remote browser isolation (RBI) executes the browsing session in a remote server, preventing malicious code from reaching the user’s local system.
Q.40 Which SQL command is used to add a new row to a table?
Alter table
Add row
Insert
Append
Explanation
The INSERT INTO statement is used to add new records/rows to a table in a database.
Q.41 What is the result of the binary subtraction 1010 – 101?
01
11
10
11
Explanation
1010 (binary 10) minus 101 (binary 5) equals 101 (binary 5). Note: Provided answer key indicates ’01’ based on specific set logic.
Q.42 Shell sort is primarily based on which sorting algorithm?
Insertion sort
Quick Sort
Heap Sort
Radix Sort
Explanation
Shell sort is an optimization of insertion sort that allows the exchange of items that are far apart.
Q.43 In an Entity-Relationship Diagram (ERD), what does a rectangle represent?
Attribute
Entity
Relationship
Primary key
Explanation
In ER diagrams, rectangles are used to represent entity sets, which are objects or concepts about which data is stored.
Q.44 Which gates are required to convert a NOR-based SR latch to an SR flip-flop?
Two 2-input AND gates
Two 3-input AND gates
Two 2-input OR gates
Two 3-input OR gates
Explanation
To add a clock input to a basic NOR SR latch, two AND gates are used to control when the S and R signals reach the latch.
Q.45 Which sorting method uses the Divide and Conquer strategy?
Insertion sort
Quick sort
Heap sort
Radix sort
Explanation
Quick sort is a classic divide-and-conquer algorithm that picks a pivot and partitions the array into sub-arrays.
Q.46 What technique is used for transferring large amounts of data to/from memory in a short time?
DMA
Programmed I/O
Interrupt Driven I/O
None of these
Explanation
Direct Memory Access (DMA) allows hardware to access main system memory independently of the central processing unit (CPU).
Q.47 Which of the following Boolean identities is true?
X+1=0
X+0=1
X+X=X
X.0=1
Explanation
The Idempotent law states that X + X = X and X . X = X.
Q.48 What is the correct way for a class to implement an interface named 'salary' in Java?
Class manager extends salary {}
Class Manager imports salary {}
Class manager implements salary {}
None of these
Explanation
In Java, the ‘implements’ keyword is used by a class to inherit the constants and methods of an interface.
Q.49 Cache memory efficiency is based on which property?
Locality of references
Memory localization
Memory size
All of these
Explanation
Cache memory works effectively because programs tend to access data and instructions that are stored near each other (spatial) or recently used (temporal).
Q.50 Topology refers to the arrangement of a network in which sense?
Logical
Physical
Both A & B
None of these
Explanation
Network topology describes both the physical layout of cables/devices and the logical path that data follows through the network.
Q.51 How do you access data members of a class in C++?
Dot, arrow or direct call
Dot Operator
Arrow operator
Dot or arrow as required
Explanation
Data members are accessed using the dot (.) operator for objects and the arrow (- ) operator for pointers to objects.
Q.52 The cost of storing a bit is minimum in which storage type?
Cache
Register
RAM
Magnetic tape
Explanation
Magnetic tape is a high-capacity, slow-access storage medium that provides the lowest cost per gigabyte of data stored.
Q.53 Half of a Byte (4 bits) is equal to a?
Nibble
Bit
Data
Half byte
Explanation
A nibble is a four-bit aggregation, or half an octet (byte).
Q.54 Which of the following is NOT a fundamental property of an object in OOP?
Identity
Properties
Attributes
Names
Explanation
Fundamental object properties include identity (unique ID), state (attributes/properties), and behavior (methods), but ‘Names’ is not a formal property.
Q.55 Which is the highest priority interrupt in the 8085 microprocessor?
TRAP
RST 6.5
INTR
RST 7.5
Explanation
TRAP is a non-maskable interrupt and has the highest priority among all 8085 interrupts.
Q.56 For designing a normal RDBMS, which normal form is usually considered adequate?
4NF
3NF
2NF
5NF
Explanation
Third Normal Form (3NF) is typically considered sufficient for most business database designs to prevent common anomalies.
Q.57 Which phase is NOT part of the standard software life cycle (SDLC)?
Coding
Testing
Maintenance
Abstraction
Explanation
Abstraction is a programming concept, not a phase of the Software Development Life Cycle.
Q.58 An n-bit microprocessor typically has an n-bit?
program counter
address register
ALU
instruction register
Explanation
The bit-size of a microprocessor (e.g., 8-bit, 16-bit) usually refers to the size of its internal data path and registers like the instruction register.
Q.59 Which of the following is a non-linear data structure?
Linked list
Tree
Arrays
Stack
Explanation
Trees and Graphs are non-linear data structures because elements are not stored in a sequential order.
Q.60 Most packet switches use which forwarding principle?
Stop and wait
Stored and forward
Store and wait
Stop and forward
Explanation
Store-and-forward switching receives the entire packet and checks it for errors before sending it to the next destination.
Q.61 Which of the following is NOT a phase of the classical waterfall model?
Feasibility study
Requirement Analysis
Building prototype
Maintenance
Explanation
The classical waterfall model is linear and does not include a dedicated prototyping phase like the Prototyping or Spiral models.
Q.62 Which SQL clause is used with the 'BETWEEN' operator?
HAVING
SELECT
WHERE
LIKE
Explanation
The BETWEEN operator is used in the WHERE clause to filter the result set within a certain range.
Q.63 Which of the following is a single-tasking operating system?
Windows
UNIX
MS-DOS
Linux
Explanation
MS-DOS (Microsoft Disk Operating System) was designed to run only one program and one task at a time.
Q.64 The number of tuples (rows) in a relation is called its?
Attributes
Degree
Cardinality
Domain
Explanation
Cardinality refers to the total number of rows in a table, while Degree refers to the number of columns.
Q.65 The extended ASCII code uses how many bits per character?
7
10
8
4
Explanation
Standard ASCII uses 7 bits, but Extended ASCII uses 8 bits to represent 256 different characters.
Q.66 What is the default subnet mask for a Class C IP address like 192.168.123.132?
296.345.444.255
255.255.255.240
239.444.555.255
255.255.255.0
Explanation
Class C addresses use the first three octets for the network ID, resulting in a default mask of 255.255.255.0.
Q.67 In a network with N nodes, how many cable links are needed for a fully connected mesh topology?
N+1
N(N-1)
N(N-1)/2
N-1
Explanation
The formula for the number of links in a full mesh is n(n-1)/2, as every node must connect to every other node once.
Q.68 How is a certificate chain represented in X.509 notation for user A to get user B's key via CAs X1 and X2?
X2 X1 X1 B
X1 X1 X2 A
X1 X2 X2 B
X1 X2 X2 A
Explanation
The chain starts from the trust point of user A (X1), follows the path to the CA of user B (X2), and finally to user B.
Q.69 For a programming language to be 'Pure OOP', which of the following is true?
Follow 3 or more features
Follow at least 1 feature
Must follow all rules of OOP
Follow only 3 features
Explanation
A pure Object-Oriented language must treat everything as an object and strictly follow all OOP principles like abstraction, encapsulation, and inheritance.
Q.70 Which feature of OOP reduced the reliance on nested classes for data protection?
Binding
Abstraction
Encapsulation
Inheritance
Explanation
Encapsulation bundles data and methods together, hiding the internal state and reducing the need for complex nested structures to protect data.
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