Which representation has two distinct bit patterns for zero (+0 and -0)?
1's complement has +0 (000...0) and -0 (111...1). 2's complement has a single zero representation (000...0).
What is the range of representable signed integers in 8-bit 2's complement format?
An N-bit 2's complement signed integer ranges from -$2^{N-1}$ to +$2^{N-1}-1$. For $N = 8$, the range is -128 to +127.
In restoring division algorithm, what action is taken if subtracting divisor M from accumulator A results in a negative remainder?
If remainder becomes negative, quotient bit $Q_{0}$ is set to 0 and divisor M is added back to Accumulator A to restore the previous value.
A 32-bit architecture has 1-word (32-bit) instructions and 64 registers. It supports 45 distinct instructions taking an immediate operand and two register operands. What is the maximum unsigned immediate value?
$64 regs => 6 bits each. 45 instructions => 6 bits opcode. Opcode(6) + Reg1(6) + Reg2(6) + Imm(14) = 32 bits. Max unsigned 14-bit immediate = 2^14 - 1 = 16383.$
Which addressing mode specifies the operand directly inside the instruction code itself?
Immediate addressing mode includes the constant operand value directly within the instruction operand field.