Which IEEE standard defines the Physical (PHY) and Media Access Control (MAC) layers for Low-Rate Wireless Personal Area Networks (LR-WPANs)?
IEEE 802.15.4 specifies low-rate, ultra-low power wireless communication operating primarily in the 2.4 GHz, 868 MHz, and 915 MHz bands.
What is the maximum raw data rate defined by IEEE 802.15.4 at the 2.4 GHz ISM band?
IEEE 802.15.4 provides a maximum throughput of 250 kbps at 2.4 GHz using O-QPSK modulation, optimized for minimal battery consumption.
In Zigbee network architecture, which device node type acts as the root of the network tree and holds security keys?
There is exactly one Zigbee Coordinator (ZC) per network; it initiates the network, stores security keys, and routes traffic.
Which sub-layer in the Zigbee protocol stack manages binding tables and provides matching services between application objects?
The Application Support Sub-layer (APS) interfaces between the NWK layer and application layer, handling endpoint binding and security.
What encryption algorithm is standardized in Zigbee at both network and application layers?
Zigbee security utilizes AES-128 encryption with CCM* mode for confidentiality and message integrity.