Which security threat specifically targets resource-constrained IoT devices to launch massive Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attacks?
The Mirai botnet infected thousands of poorly secured IoT devices (DVRs, IP cameras using factory default passwords) to execute huge DDoS attacks.
What security transport protocol is used over UDP for lightweight constrained devices in IoT?
DTLS provides TLS-equivalent security over datagram transport (UDP), making it ideal for CoAP and constrained wireless IoT networks.
In RFID technology, what power source is used by a 'Passive RFID Tag'?
Passive RFID tags have no internal battery; they harvest power via inductive or backscatter coupling from the RF field emitted by the RFID reader.
What is the typical operational range of Near Field Communication (NFC)?
NFC operates at 13.56 MHz over very short distances (typically 4 cm or less), providing secure contactless tap-and-pay transactions.
Which operating system is specifically designed for ultra-low-power, memory-constrained microcontrollers in IoT networks?
Contiki-NG, FreeRTOS, and RIOT OS are lightweight real-time operating systems designed for constrained microcontrollers with kilobytes of RAM.