What is the output of the following Python expression?
print(-17 // 4, -17 % 4)
In Python, floor division // rounds down towards negative infinity. -17 // 4 = -5. The modulo formula is r = a - (b * (a // b)) = -17 - (4 * -5) = -17 + 20 = 3.
What will be the output of the following Python code?
x = 5
y = 2
print(x << y | x >> 1)
x << y is 5 << 2 = 20 (10100 in binary). x >> 1 is 5 >> 1 = 2 (00010 in binary). 20 | 2 = 22 (10110 in binary).
Consider the following Python function:
def f(a, b=[]):
b.append(a)
return bprint(f(1), f(2), f(3))
Default mutable arguments (b=[]) are evaluated once when the function is defined. Subsequent calls modify the same list object, returning the mutated list [1, 2, 3] for all calls.
What is the value returned by calling mystery(4) for the recursive function defined below?
def mystery(n):
if n <= 1:
return 1
return mystery(n - 1) + mystery(n - 2) + 1mystery(0)=1, mystery(1)=1. mystery(2) = mystery(1)+mystery(0)+1 = 1+1+1=3. mystery(3) = mystery(2)+mystery(1)+1 = 3+1+1=5. mystery(4) = mystery(3)+mystery(2)+1 = 5+3+1=9.
Which of the following operations has the HIGHEST operator precedence in Python?
Exponentiation (**) has higher precedence than unary bitwise NOT (~), multiplication (*), and bitwise AND (&).