Statements: No student who failed the prerequisite exam was admitted to the advanced course. Rohan was admitted to the advanced course. What can be concluded?
If failing the prerequisite implies not being admitted, then an admitted student cannot have failed it. The premises do not rule out other possibilities such as exemption, so 'passed' is stronger than what is logically guaranteed.
Identify the logical flaw: 'Professor A says solar energy is viable. But Professor A receives research grants from solar manufacturers, so solar energy is not viable.'
Dismissing an argument based solely on the motive or interest of the person making it is an ad hominem circumstantial flaw.
Passage: 'Artificial intelligence models require vast datasets for training. Data privacy laws like GDPR restrict unconsented data collection, creating a tension between AI development and individual privacy rights.' What is the central topic?
The passage directly highlights the tension between AI's need for vast datasets and privacy laws restricting data collection.
Argument: 'Organic farming uses no synthetic pesticides. Therefore, organic food is 100% free of all toxic substances.' Which option highlights a major flaw?
Assuming that omitting synthetic pesticides guarantees zero toxic substances ignores natural toxins and soil contaminants.
Passage: 'Microplastics have been detected in marine life, agricultural soil, and atmospheric precipitation. Their long-term ecological consequences remain uncertain, prompting calls for precautionary global limits on plastic production.' Which conclusion is best supported?
The widespread detection across marine, soil, and rain environments combined with uncertain long-term effects supports a precautionary approach.