Which address binding method postpones mapping to physical memory until the execution runtime phase, enabling dynamic process movement in RAM?
Option A is correct. Execution Time Binding delays address mapping until instructions are actually executed, requiring hardware support (like base/limit registers) and allowing processes to move in memory.
What is Internal Fragmentation in memory allocation?
Option B is correct. Internal Fragmentation occurs when memory is allocated in fixed blocks; if a process requires less than the block size, the remaining internal portion goes unused.
Which dynamic memory allocation strategy searches the entire list of free holes to allocate the SMALLEST hole that is big enough for the process?
Option A is correct. Best Fit allocates the smallest free block that is large enough. It requires searching the entire list (unless ordered) and leaves very small leftover holes.
External Fragmentation in contiguous memory allocation can be resolved by which memory management technique?
Option E is correct. Compaction shuffles memory contents to place all free memory together in one large block. Non-contiguous allocation (Paging) also eliminates external fragmentation.
In a Paging system, if logical memory size is 32-bit and page size is 4 KB ($2^12$ bytes), how many bits are used for the Page Number (p) and Page Offset (d)?
Option B is correct. Page size = 4 KB = $2^12$ bytes, so Offset (d) = 12 bits. Remaining bits for Page Number (p) = 32 - 12 = 20 bits.