A Priority Encoder solves which specific limitation present in a standard binary encoder?
In a standard encoder, if two or more input lines are active at the same time, the output is incorrect/undefined. A Priority Encoder assigns priority levels to inputs so that only the highest priority active input is encoded.
What is the primary advantage of a Carry Lookahead Adder (CLA) compared to a Ripple Carry Adder (RCA)?
In a Ripple Carry Adder, carry must propagate sequentially through all full adders (propagation delay grows linearly O(n)). Carry Lookahead Adder generates carry signals in parallel using Carry Generate (G) and Propagate (P) functions, drastically reducing delay.
Which logic gate is fundamental in designing parity generator and parity checker circuits?
XOR gate acts as a modulo-2 adder and an odd-function detector (outputs 1 when an odd number of inputs are 1), making it the core component for generating and checking parity bits.
How many input lines and output lines does a 4-to-2 Binary Encoder have?
An encoder performs the inverse operation of a decoder. It accepts 2^n input lines (4 inputs) and converts them into an n-bit binary code (2 outputs).
What are the Difference (D) and Borrow (B) outputs of a Half Subtractor when inputs are A = 0 and B = 1?
For Half Subtractor: Difference D = A ⊕ B = 0 ⊕ 1 = 1, and Borrow B = A' $\cdot B = (1) \cdot 1 = 1$. Subtracting 1 from 0 in binary gives 1 with a borrow of 1.