How many select lines are required for an 8-to-1 Multiplexer (MUX)?
A multiplexer with 2^m inputs requires m select lines. Since 2^3 = 8 inputs, an 8-to-1 MUX requires exactly 3 selection lines.
To display time on digital clocks at railway stations, which digital circuit is used?
Seven-segment decoders/drivers convert BCD or digital codes into electrical signals that illuminate specific LED/LCD segments to display numerical digits (0-9).
What does PLA stand for in programmable logic devices?
PLA stands for Programmable Logic Array. It is a programmable logic device that consists of a programmable AND array followed by a programmable OR array.
What is the minimum number of 2-input NAND gates required to implement a Half Adder circuit?
A Half Adder requires 5 2-input NAND gates in total: 4 NAND gates to implement the XOR gate for Sum (S = A ⊕ B) and 1 additional NAND gate followed by an inverter (or using an intermediate output from the XOR network) to obtain Carry (C = A $\cdot B)$.
What are the Sum (S) and Carry (C) outputs of a Half Adder when both inputs A and B are 1?
For a Half Adder: Sum S = A ⊕ B = 1 ⊕ 1 = 0, and Carry C = A $\cdot B = 1 \cdot 1 = 1$. In binary arithmetic, 1 + 1 = 10_2 (Sum 0, Carry 1).