Bihar STET Computer Science – Compiler Design Set 3

The System V ABI reserves 128 bytes below RSP as a Red Zone; leaf functions can store local data there without explicit stack allocation.

Register renaming eliminates artificial WAR and WAW dependencies by mapping architectural register names to distinct physical registers.

Internal fragmentation occurs when memory allocators return blocks larger than requested, leaving wasted padding space inside the allocated block.

External fragmentation happens when free memory is fragmented into small disconnected chunks, preventing allocation of contiguous memory blocks.

Buddy allocation splits memory recursively into binary power-of-two sub-blocks and recombines adjacent free buddy pairs upon free operations.